Several strains of human papillomavirus (HPV), a sexually transmitted infection, play a key role in most cervical cancer cases.

When exposed to HPV, the immune system usually prevents harm. In a small percentage, the virus persists for years, triggering cellular changes that can become cancer.

You can lower your risk through screening tests and vaccination that protects against HPV infection.

Surgical procedures:

• - Radical hysterectomy (laparoscopic or open) with lymph node dissection.
• - Radical vaginal hysterectomy (Schauta operation).
• - Radical trachelectomy via vaginal approach: for young patients wishing pregnancy, preserving the uterus while removing the cervix.
• - Ultra-radical surgeries: partial or total pelvic exenteration with reconstructive surgery in advanced cases.
• - Sentinel lymph node assessment via laparoscopy or open surgery.